Sex Without Love Essays - Emotions, Personal Life, Sexology

Sex Without Love "Sex Without Love," by Sharon Olds passionately describes the author's disgust for casual sex. She vividly animates the immortality of lustful sex through her language variety. Olds' clever use of imagery makes this poem come to life. Olds frequently uses similes to make the audience imagine actual events. For example, Olds describes making love as "Beautiful as dancers." (Line #2) In this line, she questions how one can do such a beautiful act with a person whom one is not in love with. Olds also describes sex as "gliding over each other like ice skaters over the ice."(Line #3,4) She is referring to sex as a performance. Imagine an ice skating performance. Each ice skater is performing for judges and an audience to win an award. Olds uses this simile to relate people performing for one another. When two people truly are in love, there is no need for any special show or performance. Another simile the author uses is "As wet as the children at birth whose mothers are going to give them away," (line #6,7,8) to simulate a sweaty lovemaking scene. The simile"light rising slowly as steam off their joined skin" (line #11,12,13) can also be used to perceive the same image of a hot, sweaty, and passionate love making scene. The author repeatedly questions how two people who are not in love can perform such a spiritual act. The simile "As wet as the children at birth whose mothers are going to give them away," can also be used to represent the outcome of lustful copulation. When two people engage in sexual activities, a large percent of the mothers choose to ignore the outcome and either abort or give their children up for adoption. Olds compares the lovers with "great runners." (Line #18) In this simile, she implies that lovers are alone with their own pleasures. Olds' questions this selfishness throughout the poem. How can two people be alone in pleasure, when sex is supposed to be both physically and emotionally shared between lovers? Olds uses hyperbole to describe her belief that sex and God are entwined. "These are the true religions, the priest, the pros, the one who will not accept a false Messiah, love the priest instead of the God." (Lines #13-17) In these lines she says that sex is more than pleasure, and if one is merely using sex for pleasure they are accepting a false God. She describes people as hypocrites who claim to love the lord, yet engage in immoral sex. In the lines, "come to the come to the come to the God come to the still waters, and not love the one they came there with," (lines #8-11) Olds describes two people climaxing. Olds perceives sex as spiritual, and wonders how people can bring a person with whom they are not in love with before God. Olds uses hyperbole to share her disgust of casual sex with her audience. In conclusion, Olds clearly despises people who engage in sex without being in love. She is able to emphasize her view in a tasteful manner by using imagery throughout her poem. Olds is able to express her disgust by using imagery to portray her objection to casual sex.

Plastic Pollution Innovated Into Homes Professor Ramos Blog

Plastic Pollution Innovated Into Homes Ever wonder what the state of the worlds ocean would be in 2100? It doesnt help that the inhabitants of Earth produce 300 million tons of plastic each year (Arnold 1). 8 million tons of plastic being dumped into the ocean annually. Once it enters the environment it never actually goes away because once in the ocean for a certain period of time. The Plastic shrinks down to five millimeters in length never being detected again (Baker 1). It is estimated that seventy percent of animals in the oceans are ingesting 8 kilograms of plastic each year (Baker 3). These vertebrae are vital because they feed on these microorganisms. Without marine life, most of the coral reefs will begin to deteriorate along with a vast amount of food. Biodiversity plays a key role in this because without our oceans wouldnt be healthy and without a healthy ecosystem and biodiversity niche, the water from this ocean could become hazardous (Derraik 2). One solution that would help the plastic pollution on land would be to have a controlled area were the Wax Worm Larvae would feed on plastic. One of the only insects to feed and thrive on plastic (Arnold 3). In reality, this is how marine life feels like with all the plastic pollution entering their habitat. Once spoken about by Charles Moore In 1998 in the United States alone, 30 million tons of plastic were produced annually (2). Plastics are lightweight, strong, cheap, and durable making it perfect for manufacturers to a product from a wide range. These exact reasons are making plastics a serious hazard to the environment. The threat of plastics to the marine environment has been ignored for a long time, and its seriousness has been only recently recognized (Stefatos et al.). The amount of plastic dumped into the ocean each day is fourteen billion thats 1.5 million pounds per hour (Moore 5). The threat that marine life has to deal with when encountering plastic debris is the primary mechanical described by Laist meaning the see somethi ng floating in the water their first instinct is to eat it. Due to ingestion of plastic debris and entanglement in packaging bands, synthetic ropes, and lines or drift nets. These are all the horrible and unnecessary objects the marine life has to overcome and adapt in order to survive in the 21st century. It is not only marine life that is being harmed by plastic debris sea birds are being in the same critical harming position as well, but it is also believed that seven hundred species could go extinct due to plastic debris. Current estimates two hundred and sixty-seven species worldwide have been affected, including eighty-four percent of sea turtle species! Really sea turtles one of the most majestic creatures in the sea. Have you ever swum with a Green Sea Turtle, Chelonia Myda? I have once when I was sixteen years old in Hawaii ABSOLUTELY one of the craziest and most memorable times of my life. Now eighty-four percent of them are becoming endangered forty-four percent of sea birds and forty-three percent of all marine mammals species who have been harmed and put on the endangered species list. (Smith 1) Plastic bottles are very much killing our oceans. What can we do to stop this? I am purposing that we use all the plastic we throw away and implement it into our architectural cultural throughout society. In a small town of a very tiny island in Panama, residents are described by Baker are transforming plastic bottles into eco-friendly and stylish buildings. The person leading this project is Canadian Rober Bezue, he has developed this project because he has become fed up with cleaning bottles for years off beaches. Bezues solution was to construct an entire village of plastic called, the Plastic Bottle Village (Baker 5). Bezue stated unless developed countries organize, unite, and educate the developing countries, and give them an incentive to pick-up and reuse the plastic bottles already discarded, we all lose. I want the world to realize that we can reuse plastic bottles in many other applications. Why? Why plastic material for almost every product we use. Because it is cheap, affordable, and easy to manufacture. According to OurPlasticNetWorth.org in 2010. 192 countries bordering the Atlantic, Mediterranean, and the Black Sea produced 2.5 billion metric tons of solid waste was produced (Baker 3). An estimated 8 million metric tons of plastic entered the ocean that same year in 2010. 2 billion people within 30 miles of the coast create 100 million metric tons of coastal plastic waste. How much is created around the world? 2.5 billion metric tons of solid waste is produced all around the world. Within that 275 million metrics ton is a plastic waste (Baker 3). Thats 9.0909 pounds of plastic per person on the planet. To give you an example of what 1 metric ton is equivalent too is about 2204.62 pounds. So whats the outcome if we dont stop abusing plastic waste and throwing it into our oceans. The outcome? These plastic bottle h ouses keep houses thirty-five degrees cooler in Panama jungle. Panama is far more humid and hotter than the United States because Panama is closer to the equator meaning more heat rises on their continent (Baker 6). Twenty-thousand bottles would need to produce one house while being stuffed between wire mesh and the final step would be to cover the walls with concrete to keep it steady. An average person will consume fourteen to eighteen-thousand bottles in their lifetime (Baker 6). If you make a plastic bottle house made of twenty-thousand bottles youve become plastic bottle neutral, meaning it was like youve never thrown a plastic bottle away every in your lifetime. Prices would start out at $19,000 for an 800 per square meter lot according to their website PlasticBottleVillage.com. This is the future if we cant get rid of the problem make a solution to the problem. What can we do? First, reduce plastic waste in waste streams. Second, improve solid waste management. Third, and la stly is to increase the capture and reuse of plastic items. Its up to us to protect our oceans! Annotated Bibliography Garrard, Samantha, et al. Biological Impacts of Ocean Acidification: A Postgraduate Perspective on Research Priorities. Marine Biology, vol. 160, no. 8, Aug. 2013, pp. 1789–1805. EBSCOhost, doi:10.1007/s00227-012-2033-3.http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=truedb=eihAN=89600216site=ehost-live.This research paper is studying the effects of pollution on marine life acidification (OA). Over the past decade, studies have revealed high levels of intra- and interspecific organism changes within the same time as water pollution has increased here in the United States. This source will help able to use the data they have found to show the effects of ocean pollution over the last decade. This is very well a credible source having been peer reviews by scientist and also postgraduate students. Talvitie, Julia, et al. Solutions to Microplastic Pollution – Removal of Microplastics from Wastewater Effluent with Advanced Wastewater Treatment Technologies. Water Research, Pergamon, 2 July 2017,www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0043135417305687.The Research paper by four scientists in Finland is suggesting a solution to the removal of microplastic from wastewater with the help of advanced wastewater treatment technologies. We drink microplastic waste in the water we drink and not only is it being consumed by humans it is being consumed by billions of marine life as well. This will help my proposal find a healthy yet eco-friendly solution for eliminating ocean pollution. Department of Built Environment, Aalto University, and Finland Sib Labs have published this under an Environment Institute making this a reliable source. Derraik, Jose G. Marine Pollution Bulletin. Vol. 44, Pergamon Press, 2003. The bookMarine Pollution Bulletin addresses the plastic debris harming and killing millions of marine wildlife. Not tending too this issue will mean a result of which we do not have these majestic creatures anymore roaming in our oceans all because of plastic litter. I will be showing the effects the plastic debris has one other larger marine wildlife versus the microplastics in the world’s ocean. The book was written by Dr. Jose G.B Derraik from the Ecology and Health Research Centre, Department of Public Health in Otago New Zealand. Arnold, Carrie. This Bug Can Eat Plastic. But Can It Clean Up Our Mess? National Geographic. April 24, 2017. Accessed June 25, 2019.https://news.nationalgeographic.com/2017/04/wax-worms-eat-plastic-polyethylene-trash-pollution-cleanup/. In this article they experiment with an insect called the Wax Worm Larvae which feeds on plastic. Trying to implement this on a nation or even global scale would be very hard and tricky so that is why I am putting it in my introduction as a possible solution but not a probable one. It will help me grab my readers and wanting them to know if this method of cleaning plastic pollution is actually possible. Baker, Maverick, and Maverick Baker. How to Eliminate Plastic Waste and Plastic Pollution with Science and Engineering. Interesting Engineering. September 24, 2018. Accessed June 25, 2019.https://interestingengineering.com/how-to-eliminate-plastic-waste-and-plastic-pollution-with-science-and-engineering. This entire journal is amazing this one really opened my eyes to all the possible outcomes of plastic solutions. I believe this will be the journal that I will use to help determine my solution. Being credible on a number of reason but the one that stood out to me is that they are partnered with the nature conservation natural center for all things green and wildlife. Merchant, Brian. â€Å"By 2100, Earth Will Have an Entirely Different Ocean.† Vice, VICE, 13 Aug. 2015,www.vice.com/en_us/article/bmjqvz/by-2100-everything-you-know-about-the-ocean-will-be-wrong. This article has some interesting and yet compelling arguments about plastic pollution and what the oceans will be like in the future to come. The evidence is very much credible by Mr. Merchant who’s been investigating this issue and studying the issue for quiet some time. I will be using this article in my essay to help give my elevator pitch in my introduction. https://vimeo.com/182464603this is the video of Rober Bezue and his plastic bottle village. If youd life to help protect our oceans visit this website to learn more. Its up to us to PROTECT our OCEANS! ourplasticnetworth.org Plastic Bottle Home Finished Plastic Bottle Home Under Construction What Marine Life Feel Because of Plastic Pollution

History of the New York Police Department Essay

History of the New York Police Department - Essay Example Departments within the forces that had been incorporated into the NYPD included the New York Police [which formed the bulk of NYPD], Brooklyn Police Department, Brooklyn Bridge Police, Long Island City Police Department, the Park Police [also known as Central Park] and the Telegraph Bureau. The Telegraph Bureau is the forerunner of the present day Communications Division. Over the time, these departments and units expanded and divided as they became more specialized, to the point that presently, NYPD has more than 300 units. In a closely related wavelength, the framers of the Charter punctiliously included language in the document to ensure that no political party could muster control of this police department for its own purpose. John McCullagh served as first commissioner of NYPD. At the time, the NYPD has grown to incorporate several departments and special units such as anti-organized crime unit, Emergency Service Unit, harbor patrol, K-9, bomb disposal unit, air support, counterterrorism, air support, anti-gang, criminal intelligence, anti-narcotics, public housing unit and public transportation unit. The New York City Housing Authority Police Department and the New York City Transit Police were made part of the NYPD in 1995 (Vitale, 290-92). The Demographics That Informs NYPD’s Services According to Weiss, the size of New York bespeaks the size of NYPD’s duties and roles. This is because NYPD does not only serve New York City, but also the larger geopolitical expanse which is New York as a state.

Cover letter Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Cover letter - Essay Example iting helps in the examination of the companies’ financial statements and report on internal controls in accordance with General Accepted Accounting Principal, while taxation helps different taxpayers, either individual or corporation in the preparation of tax returns. However, after doing some research, my in-depth analysis of the true meaning of being a tax doctor is described below. It is a job that helps in checking the health of the taxpayer’s return and assist taxpayers avoid unnecessary return audit. Tax doctors represent taxpayers to the central government. Therefore, the first ingredient is to nurture and build a trustworthy relationship with clients. I still remembered once when I volunteered at Volunteer Income Assist Program, I met a client, who had concerns on issues related to conservative and privacy. The person did not want to give answer to any questions that was asked, even about the basic information such as address and phone number. Besides, the person felt shy of speaking with our team. Therefore, I first explained the reason for asking the basic information to file the tax return and explain every detail about the each step of doing the preparing of tax. My patient and professional explanation, gradually the person began answering the questions, and kept inquiring when confused for clarification. Finally, I successfully finished tax return and the person was grateful and appreciating. Second, in order to prevent clients from probable audit risk, tax doctor should have advance knowledge on the trends, change, and procedures of the IRS. The ability to research and solve problem is also important. I participated in a PwC CaseCompetition in August 2013. Our case was to solve a given state tax problem and help increase the state’s tax revenue. As a group leader, I led my team members to analyze and to discuss the case at hand. We found that we could raise taxation on the gas, cigarette and amusement to help the government increase its

Pension Fund SWOT Analysis & Strategy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Pension Fund SWOT Analysis & Strategy - Essay Example However, cannot be defined accurately but it can be felt and sensed. Likewise, an organization has its own culture, rules and regulations to follow. Organizations are like societies; therefore, they have their own parameters. If the rules, regulations and parameters are followed strictly and the productivity outcome is excellent, the organization has strong organizational culture. Otherwise, the organizational culture is weak, it is not implemented strongly, or there are weaknesses in set parameters. Significant benefits are obtainable through strong organizational culture. Nonetheless, it is possible when the fundamental of survival structured on ability of an organization regarding changing and acquiring. Thus, strong culture is a liability for an organization (Mobley, Lena and Kate, 128-139). However, strong culture requires SWOT analysis of all the stakeholders of an organization. Five significant external and internal factors There are five significant external factors, which in fluence positively or negatively the environment of an organization. 1. Customers: The customers of an organization are the core external target of an organization. The customers can be pursued through marketing, and attractive corporate knowledge. An organization needs clients to sell its products; therefore, it is necessary to increase clients. Moreover, strong client’s organization attachment is mandatory. 2... In addition, the understanding of economic helps to target new markets. 4. Competition: The target markets and ways of business are attached to competitive environment. The organization can decide to enter in a less competitive market or can chose to enter directly in a full competitive market. The market planning of an organization is a decisive factor for success and failure. Clearly, the planning is devised according to competitors’ moves. 5. The public rating: If an organization, fails to gain public support or falls into a scandal it would lose significant business. Public relation professionals are hired to influence public opinion regarding the reputation of an organization. Similarly, five environmental factors affect the internal environment of an organization. They are following: 1. Organizational resources: factors like management techniques, good will, and reputation of company, decision-making models, procedures, and systems are organizational resources. 2. Techno logy: proprietary knowledge, technological skills, patents, licenses, procedures, computers, IT etc. are technological factors. 3. HRM: hiring and decide the ability of an employee through monitoring, dichotomize sales people, engineers, IT people etc. management and supervision of working environment. 4. Physical resources: buildings, vehicles, inventories, land, equipments and plants are physical resources. 5. Financial capital: the availability of new equity, debt capacity, cash flow in sales and purchase and other related dimensions. If an organization does not have skilled staff, it would exhibit weak leadership of the organization. Poor leaders are unable to recognize talent among workers. Moreover, due to their own weak performance

Vehicle Suspension Is The Mechanism Engineering Essay

Vehicle Suspension Is The Mechanism Engineering Essay This suspension system will fulfil their task by allow the forces to be distributed when the wheels are rotating on the ground, complying with design specification in every load state. Also we have the geometric variation of the body position from the trim which is caused by the static and quasi static forces, these three coordinates of the centre of gravity and three angles of the body reference system which is yaw, pitch and angle. These three angles are included under the vehicle static. The main work of suspension is to absorb the shocks and irregularities that are transferred to the body, this is accomplished by the damping systems. Normally it is possible that the tyre alone can isolate the shocks that are coming from the road, but this can only be accomplished when the vehicle is driven at a smooth road and at very low speed. Because tyres damping properties are not good enough to handle the road shocks, that is why we have suspension system, this allows the wheels to rotate freely, very safe and comfortable for driving. The basic different types of suspension systems are available today. These are semi Independent, dependant and independent suspension (Genta Morello, 2009, p. 153). Front Wheel Drive Diagram According to May, 2005, p. 470 state that, when we speak about suspension we have to include the terms sprung and unsprung weight. Sprung mass indicates as the weight of the vehicle that is supported by the springs including the frame, body and everything attached to them including the parts of the suspension and unsprung mass refers as the weight of the suspension components such as the wheels, tyres and brakes on which the springs rest, or all the parts of the suspension that are not supported by the springs The independent suspension As the name suggest the wheels in this system are attached independently, and this helps to reduce the impact that is transferred to the other wheel when the vehicle travels through road irregularities. This system involves McPherson strut, double wishbone and multilink. The strut contains shock absorber and spring is located by a ball joint, which is built in to the end of the suspension arm while the rubber mounting is moulded at the other end. This is one of the few reasons that make the suspension parts of this system work freely and it makes this by far the most common type of suspension in the market today. (3D auto.com, 2006). The negative part is it is required more solid chassis or sub frame structure, the slight change in wheel track causes the tyre to scrub during the bouncing of one wheel and the alignment of the steering geometry is critical and needs more attention (Crankshaft). http://www.autolign.co.nz/images/NolathaneIndRear2.gif Independent suspension system Dependent suspension This system usually connects the two wheels that are paralleled to each other on the same rigid straight and perpendicular axle, because all mechanical linkage work together, this can affect the movement of the other wheel when the vehicle road shocks or irregularities occur. Due to its ruggedness, this system is mostly often used on heavy truck, SUVs and rear wheel drive cars (Blue Ribbon Motoring LLC, 2010). http://img.alibaba.com/photo/51011605/Front_Dependent_Air_Suspension.jpg Dependent suspension system Semi independent suspensions: This systems utilizes a cross member that joins the two trailing arms. Regardless of the solid connection with the cross member and the trailing arms, the cross member will always twist with each up and down movement of the wheels. This twisting activity will give semi independent movement as well as stabilizer effect. The purpose of this suspension is to limit the body displacement to a minimum. This helps to increase the vehicle stability. Suspensions system can also be classified as passive or active. Passive suspension system involves shock absorber and spring. These two elements are passive because they cannot add energy to this type of suspension system and passive suspension is the one that receives the energy from sources like engine which affects the body motion. This limits the motion close to its static equilibrium (Genta Morello, 2009, p.358). The following diagrams are examples of passive and active suspension: Passive suspension system Active suspension system http://www.waset.org/journals/waset/v25/v25-11.pdf(pictures) SUSPENSION COMPONENTS: Coil springs: These are basically heavy wound steel wire used to support the weight of the vehicle as well as to absorb energy from road shocks or vibration between the road and the vehicle body. Springs usually located between control arms and chassis or around McPherson strut. They can be conical or spiral wound, constant rate or uneven rate, changeable pitch spacing and variable wire thickness. Coil springs can be customised and also be used in different variations and arrangement in the suspension system (Ciulla, 2002). Damping members When the vehicle travels through road shocks, the energy is given to the spring that is deflected, the spring creates an oscillating motion that results affects the handling and comfortability of the car. To stop this, damping members (shock absorbers) are installed. They are designed to store this oscillation energy and let the spring to return to its natural state. Few different types of shock absorbers are available today. These are hydraulic, lever type and telescopic direct acting type (Hillier, 1991, p. 364) http://static.howstuffworks.com/gif/car-suspension-8.gif Leaf spring: This type of spring is mainly used in the heavy and commercial vehicles. It is made up of one or more flat leaves or bent toughened steel or plates of composite material that are attached at the ends to the vehicle under body. It connects the vehicle frame to the axle by using the U bolt that secures the metal plates that rest against the leaf springs. The U bolt also keeps the spring level against the axle, this helps to stop the vehicle from shaking under the load when driving. It has a hook end that makes it flexible when the road shocks and vibration occur. The leaf spring shape allows them to flex and absorb bumps. This type of spring is very reliable and strong in carrying heavy loads, they also help in spreading the load on all over the chassis while the coil spring just transmit it to a single point (Spring-makers-resource.net). Torsion bar: These are usually metal bars which act as a spring and can also be moved about its axis through twisting. The main job is to resist the torque placed on the vehicle by twist it along its axis. This torque is created by the force when the vehicle is moving, once the torque has been counteracted, it normally returns to its natural state. This provides the resistance level to the forces that are generated by the movement of the vehicle. The major disadvantage of the torsion bar is it cannot provide the progressive spring rate while the progressive torsion bars have a tendency to crack when the diameter of the bar changes (CDX Online eTextbook). Anti roll bar/Sway bar/Stabiliser: This is fitted underneath the front and rear of the vehicle, connected at the lower control arm. They operate together with shock absorbers/struts to provide the vehicle with at most stability as well as body roll and improve cornering traction. When the wheels move at different angles from the other, an anti sway bar helps it in maintaining the balance and stability in case of a bad movement or a sway of the vehicle. It can also help in reducing over steer or under steer when the correct anti roll bars are chosen. They are fitted tightly and tend to give a bumpy ride as it transfers force direct to the other wheel. The tighter it is the safer the vehicle is from rolling (Turnfast.com, 2008). http://www.jamesglass.org/JGA/2labor/Z_laborIMAGES/00general/0-5_glossary/antiroll_bar.jpg Air spring: The air spring is designed to provide a vibration free and a smooth ride with a preset constant frame height. It also helps to reduce the spring oscillation so that the steering control is not compromised. It can work as a mechanical leaf type spring or used with them. The air spring system helps to reduce the road shock transfer to the chassis, cargo and the driver. In addition to that it can be easily adjusted according to the load and road conditions by using a height control valve. Other major components used in this system are pressure regulator, air lines and air springs. Zero stability to dampen suspension oscillation is the main disadvantage of this system and shock absorber is used to overcome this (Bennet, 2007, p. 268). http://www.streetrodparts.tv/400-ap-35-48-Ford-Mustang.gif Bushes: These are the linkage between the vehicle, springs, struts and shock absorbers. They tend to provide the movement point of the vehicle as well as avoiding metal to metal contact between the body and the suspension links. They are designed to be soft enough to maintain the alignments settings that help in maintaining steering control and allow the adequate rotational movement. Bushes are usually fitted where ever there is a metal to metal contact. However, the main disadvantage is, it is wearing out after some time and thus need to be replaced and it can be expensive and hard job depends on the types of bushes or where they are going to be fitted (Autolign). Common locations of vehicle bushes. http://www.autolign.co.nz/images/Bushes_000.jpg Ball joints: The main job for the ball joint is to enable the suspension to move on any angle or rotating the coupling that is usually the interface between knuckle and a control arm in a vehicle suspension. It performs as the pivot point between the suspension and the tyre and this helps in improving the performance (TRW Automotive, 2010). ball joints Control arms: This is normally connects the body chassis to the suspension of the vehicle. COMMON SUSPENSION SYSTEM TYPES: Trailing arm: This normally connected at the front of the chassis, it allows the rear to move up and down. Two of these become double trailing systems arm and usually work precisely the same as the double wishbone. The arms of this system can be seen from the side of the chassis, travel back equivalent to it. However it takes a lot of room underneath but it doesnà ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢t experience the side to side scrubbing setback as the double wishbone systems (Longhurst, 2010). Trailing arm car suspension McPherson struts: This type of suspension is the further development of double wishbone, the higher transverse link is replaced by a pivot point on the wheel house panel, that takes the end of the piston road and the coil spring, this create the forces from all directions to be concentrated at this point and this causes a bending stress in the piston road. When this happens, a normal rod diameter in shock absorber must be increased by at least 18mm from 11 mm, this will avoid the detrimental elastic camber and camber exchanges. The parts of this system are usually combined into one assembly while its negative point is it takes a lot of room underneath the car (Reimpell, Stoll Betzler, 2001, p. 10). MacPherson Strut Double wishbone: This is an independently system, usually the wheel is directed by a pair of triangulated wishbones and track road. The lower wishbone is connected to the strut and this offers the vertical support. The sporty set up design of this system is due to its generous through loading width and a low height. This has a beneficial effect on for motion drive, the transmission of high active forces and road-holding. It also provides camber control that gives a better handling. The negative point is it can engage a space and expensive to design (Volkswagen Canada, 2010) http://www.autolign.co.nz/images/Bushtype1.jpg Multilink suspension: This is originated from the double wishbone, the suspension links use more than three lateral arms and more than one longitudinal arms, and these can be in various length and the angle can be away from their natural directions. The arms are normally connected by spherical joint or bushing at each end and this stopping them from bending, it also allows them to work in tension and compression. The pivots in this suspension are designed to allow the spindle to turn for the steering and change the geometry of the suspension by provide torque in all suspension arms. Different car manufactures have different designs. The main positive aspect is this system lets the vehicle to flex more, better handling because of the multi links while the negative part is it is more expensive to design and manufacture due to its complexity (Raiciu, 2009) Multi Link Transverse leaf spring: This system was used during the old days, it involves leaf spring and independent double wishbone together. The leaf spring is connected at each end of the lower wishbone and is mounted across the vehicle. A sub frame in the middle of the car is connected by the centre of the spring and each of the shock absorbers is mounted at each side of the lower wishbones (Longhurst, 2010) Transverse leaf spring suspension Solid-axle: leaf spring This provides an easy way of placing and mounting the hub and wheel units. Along with coil or leaf springs can create an effective non independent suspension system. The drive is transferred through the final drive unit and axles to the wheels, and this situation causes the axle to become a live axle. The torque reaction which is caused by a vehicle when it accelerates, causing a housing of the axle to spin in the opposite of the wheel rotation. During braking, a similar result can occur but with the twisting result in the way of wheel rotation. This can cause the twisting of the leaf spring and this can result in obstructing with the suspension motion ((CDX Online eTextbook). Transverse leaf spring suspension Solid-axle: coil spring This system has replaced leaf springs because they are lighter and have less unsprung weight that provides a comfortable ride but they cannot hold the axle in line. It is mainly used in the rear wheel drive vehicles. It is normally comes with one or more control arms and two lower control arms that manage the side movement and axle motion. The track bar may be needed when one upper arm is used, this connects the vehicle from one end to the other end. In reducing the vibration, rubber bushing can be used as the suspension travels through road irregularities. The track bar is not required when two upper arms are used (Monroe technology driven safety, 2008) The rear coil spring suspension is a variation of the rear leaf spring suspension often found in rear- Solid axle coil spring suspension diagram Beam axle: In this suspension the pair of front two wheels are connected to each other using a solid axle. This results in no camber loss from body roll because the wheels are always perpendicular to the road. It is also very simple structure since it doesnà ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢t contain many parts, it is very strong and can be very useful in carrying bigger loads. The disadvantages of this suspension is, it is too big thus gives a lot of mass and takes a lot of space, since it is a dependent suspension the force from one wheel can be transmitted to the other wheel and this can result in an uncomfortable ride and reducing the vehicle stability in cornering (Lowry, 2004) http://www.automotivearticles.com/uploads/beam_axle_img_001.jpg Hydropneumatic suspension: This was originally invented by Citroen. The system compresses a gas rather than a fluid. The hydraulic fluid normally provide levelling and damping while the gas becomes a spring. Sometime this system can be driven using an engine driven pump that causes the hydraulic system to be pressurised and this assists it in levelling on the different height, jack assisting and stop the body roll. Fully powered braking system and power steering can also be available. The rear and front unit contains hydrolastic displacers, a small bore pipe is used to interconnect these displacers, and each displacer incorporates a rubber spring. The pipes, rubber, and fluid that are featured in this system always act as a damping system. The rubber springs are to keep the car level and freed from any tendency pitch. It can perform this without hinder the complete range of activity on any suspension and this provides the soft ride. The negative points are, it can be expensive to fix or replace it and sometime it does require a very well trained person to deal with (Marsh, 2001). Dynamic suspension This type of suspension is commonly used in Audi A4. It contains aluminium materials that are used to reduce an unsprung weight to the minimum. The differential in this system is moved to the front and the clutch to the rear, and the front axle has been repositioned 154 mm farther forward. Optimisation of axle-load distribution is achieved by relocating the car battery in the boot. By having additional differential at the rear, weight distribution is even better balanced. These vehicles will be more responsive and will take less effort to guide and position, resulting in better handling and very low under steer and gives good traction when cornering http://www.audiworld.com/news/07/b8-a4-in-depth/suspension/A4070151_medium.jpg (Audi AG, 2007) ELECTRONIC AND ACTIVE SUSPENSIONS This type of suspension is operated by the computer, which collects the data from different sensors such as how fast the vehicle is turning, speed of the wheels rotation, pitch, roll and height information. A simple system only involves maintaining the height level of the vehicle whereas, the four wheel height adjustment system can improves ground clearance when off road and minimises aerodynamic drag and economical fuel consumption. Suspension systems that are electronically controlled tend to be more expensive and are usually found in high performance and luxury cars. Active suspension systems are the most recent developments that involve microprocessing. This varies the orifice size of the restrictor valve in a hydraulic suspension or shock absorber which causes the effective spring rate to change, lateral force, load, acceleration, or a driver preference vehicle speed can be control inputs for the processor ( http://automobiles.mapsofindia.com/useful-information/modern-suspension-system.html FUTURE SUSPENSION: Active Electromagnetic Electromagnetic suspension that combines a passive spring with a brushless tubular permanent magnet actuator. During cornering and braking this system gives more safety and stability by presenting a pitch and an active roll. It can also eliminate the road shocks by due to the measurements, static and dynamic specifications of the actuator are developed. The fulfilling of the thermal and volume specifications can be completed by using a slot less external-magnet tubular actuator (http://alexandria.tue.nl/openaccess/Metis230153.pdf) (Koji, Masaharu, Takaaaki, 2006) INTEGRATED KINETIC TM H2 CES SYSTEM: This system is an interconnected passive reactive system that controls damping and reducing high roll and articulation stiffness. The tyre load optimisation improves performance. This is achieved by replacing four double-acting hydraulic cylinders each with two integrated CES damper valves on antiroll bars and shock absorbers. An automatic pressure maintenance unit (APMU), and a pair of accumulators with valves and interconnected hydraulic lines. The flow is restricted by the two CES valves in each corner, this allows the better performance and good handling. In addition to that, the CES damper valves are electronically controlled by the intelligent control algorithms in order to allow the wheel motions and a body control (Tenneco). Sustainability: Recycling: Conclusion:

Comparing and Analysing The Gift and Frankenstein :: The Gift Frankenstein Movies Film Essays

Comparing and Analysing The Gift and Frankenstein We watched a video called â€Å"The Gift†. This was a story of a girl called Annie, aged 16. She was a keen sportswoman and played football regularly. However, she began to develop balance difficulties. These difficulties began to escalate, Annie and her mother, Barbara, decide to go to the Doctors. They find out that Annie has a sever condition named Friedricks Attaxia in which your muscles waste away. Annie is told that her condition will deteriorate and she will eventually die. On hearing this news, Annie’s brother, Ryan, who is fourteen, wants to be tested for the disease. Ryan finds that he is a carrier of the disease. The film now goes forward in time to the year 2012. Annie, Ryan’s sister, s now dead. Ryan is married and wants to have a child but is concerned as to whether his wife is a carrier of Friedericks Attaxia, she is tested and found as a carrier. This means that there is a chance of their child being born with this disease. Ryan wants to make sure that their child does not have the disease. Ryan persuades his wife to let him select a child, using advanced technology, which does not carry the Friedericks Attaxia gene, on condition that that is the only thing that he selects. However, as a geneticist, Ryan can read and understand the gene odes which are presented to him, Ryan decides to pick a child without the Friedericks Attaxia gene, but also selects a boy who is good at sport (in memory of Annie). The story again goes forward in time. Now in the year 2029, Ryan is now divorced and their son, Mark, is now 16. He is a tennis champion. However, he discovers he cannot qualify for an award because he was a ‘Designer baby’. Mark now confronts his father, Ryan, who reveals the truth. The film ends with a talk show, debating whether designer babies should be allowed, in which Ryan, his ex – wife, Mark, and a scientist are interviewed. Ryan and the scientist are clearly for the proposal; Ryan’s ex wife is against. They debate the pros and cons of Genetic Engineering. These included increased quality of life for the pros, but it was argues that designer babies took away the foetus’ right to live. We talked about the issues, characters and their viewpoints. Ryan (when he was young) was very jealous of Annie, and all of the attention she was receiving. However, he was devastated by Annie’s condition. Ryan turns out to be a very clever, determined man, who, although he took it too far, tried to use genetic engineering for

Care Plan Essay

Impaired Comfort related to sickle cell anemia as evidenced by acute vaso-occlusive crisis. The patient’s pain should take precedence as the nursing diagnosis, because it is in all-encompassing factor that affects the client’s ability to function within the other areas of Maslow’s hierarchy of physiological needs, such as breathing and sleeping. The pain from the vaso-occlusion makes it difficult for the client to become comfortable enough to rest in addition to other factors that affect sleep patterns. The pain caused by the client’s chest pain also makes it difficult to for her to take deep, adequate breathes and to assess her lung sounds. 2. Ineffective Breathing Pattern related to acute chest syndrome secondary to sickle cell anemia as evidenced by alterations in depth of breathing. Breathing should be prioritized as the secondary nursing diagnosis, because the patient’s sickle cell anemia is presenting her with diminished lung sounds in the lower right lung. Since the primary nursing diagnosis is associated with vaso-occlusion, the client is not getting proper oxygenation to parts of their body, and interventions may include administering analgesics to treat the discomfort, of which an adverse effect may include an altered breathing pattern, it is especially important to pay attention to and assess respiratory functioning in order to treat the effects of smoking and administration of analgesics on respiratory function and assure adequate oxygenation. 3. Disturbed Sleep Pattern related to excessive noise as evidenced by reports of being awakened all night. Disturbed sleep pattern should be prioritized third, because lack of adequate rest can cause fatigue, further discomfort, and decreased ability to function and perform ADL’s which is important to a client’s self-esteem and independence. Nursing Care Plan Nursing Diagnosis: Acute Pain related to vaso-occlusive crisis secondary to sickle cell anemia as manifested by grimacing and verbalization of pain Outcome/Short Term Patient Centered GoalsPlanning/Interventions ImplementationRationale for interventionsEvaluation Short-Term Desired Outcomes The client will â€Å"perform appropriate interventions, with or without significant others, to improve and/or maintain acceptable comfort level,† a 5 or less on a 0-10 pain scale, by the end of the day (Ackley & Ladwig, 2013). Long-Term Desired Outcomes The client will â€Å"identify strategies, with or without significant others, to improve and/or maintain comfort level† by the time of discharge (Ackley & Ladwig, 2013). 1. â€Å"Assess pain intensity level in a client† every hour utilizing a 0-10 pain scale (Ackley & Ladwig, 2013). 2. Describe the adverse effects of unrelieved pain† every hour along with each pain assessment until patient verbalizes understanding (Ackley & Ladwig, 2013). Teach the client about prescribed medications (oxycodone, for pain), such as how to use it, how often to take it, how much at once, and the desired and adverse effects of it. 4. â€Å"Ask the client to report side effects, such as nausea and pruritus, and to describe appetite, bowel elimination, and ability to rest and sleep† by performing an interview every hour while assessing pain level (Ackley & Ladwig, 2013). 1. The first step in pain assessment is to determine if the client can provide self-report† (Ackley & Ladwig, 2013). 2. â€Å"Ineffective management of acute pain has the potential for†¦neuronal remodelin, an impact on immune function, and long-lasting physiological, psychological, and emotional distress†¦ † (Ackley & Ladwig, 2013). 3. â€Å"Instruct the client and family on prescribed medications and therapies that improve comfort† (Ackley & Ladwig, 2013). 4. â€Å"Constipation is one of the most common side effects of opioid therapy a nd can become a significant problem in pain management† (Ackley & Ladwig, 2013). Short-Term Desired Outcomes The client is able to properly utilize the prescribed oxycodone in their therapy to achieve a comfort level of 5 by the end of the day. Verbalizing an understanding of adverse effects of unrelieved pain helped patient understand the importance of reporting an accurate pain score whenever experiencing discomfort. Goal Met. Nursing interventions for this goal were effective to help the patient achieve a more comfortable state. Long-Term Desired Outcomes The client is able to identify and report the side effects of the oxycodone, so that they can report any nausea, constipation, or abnormal sleep patterns to a nurse or physician. Goal met.

Lemon Lovin’ Life Essay Essays

Lemon Lovin’ Life Essay Essays Lemon Lovin’ Life Essay Essay Lemon Lovin’ Life Essay Essay Introduction The company. Lemon Lovin’ Life. is a lemonade base that is in the drink concern. Bing that it is a popular drink and the low cost of get downing a lemonade concern. there is competition doing it rather competitory in the market. This study outlines the company’s branding scheme. designation of possible new locations. promotional programs. and employee preparation chances. Branding Scheme To make a stigmatization scheme for Lemon Lovin’ Life it will besides consists of the selling mix. viz. . merchandise. topographic point. and publicity. Lemon Lovin’ Life has a sensible size and will be priced competitively. It will be known for its healthy. natural. delightful. and well-known gustatory sensation. A focal point of the drink is to acquire it to be appreciated non merely during the summer months. but instead. the whole twelvemonth unit of ammunition. Foregrounding its wellness benefits with addition consumer’s involvement into the merchandise. If this investing is success. Lemon Lovin’ Life could spread out by adding a turn to the lemonade drinks. For case. a lemonade drink can hold a combination of lemon and strawberry. lemon and Ananas comosus but ever concentrating on lemon as the chief spirit. Ideally the lemonade base will be placed in forepart of the owner’s house possibly near a tree for shadiness. Attracting more consumers. being that they won’t have to stand under the blaze Sun. For selling intents. circulars and postings will be distributed in assorted strategic topographic points in the vicinity along with naming friends and household. Making a page on Facebook. a Twitter history. and Instagram. among others. will besides to a great extent use societal media sites. Opportunities for New Locations Lemon Lovin’ Life’s end is to make as many clients as possible in order to turn to the altering lifestyle picks that chiefly purpose to hold healthy life. The new locations must see that the mark market has entree to the lemonade whenever they’d like. This scheme will already tap a figure of clients runing from kids. female parents purchasing for their households. wellness fans. and immature people who can already do their ain purchases ( Bovee A ; Thill. 2013. p. 346 ) . Promotion Plans Normally local occupants back up new concern ventures and Lemon Lovin’ Life has $ 10. 000 to pass for advertisement. Sing the merchandise subject assorted selling vehicles will be utilized to pass on the message. image. and presence of the concern. Bovee A ; Thill ( 2013 ) asserted that there are different ways to advance merchandises. including the usage of print media ( magazines. local newspapers and pupil publications ) ( p. 382 ) . broadcast media ( local Television shows. wireless plans ) . hotel ushers ( Chamber of Commerce newssheets. booklets. circulars ) . direct mail ( subscriber lists. inserts in newspapers. office mail bringing ) ( p. 374 ) . societal media ( Facebook. Twitter. Instagram ) ( p. 382 ) . and others ( attending in charity events. sponsorships. imperativeness conferences ) ( p. 382 ) . Employee Training In hope that the company shall turn. it will be necessary to engage more people in order to assist run the lemonade base. It is besides of import for the company to put in developing the staff to go on to offer quality lemonade. To make this. the company should ever look into whether employees are engaged. satisfied. committed. and rooted ( Bovee A ; Thill. 2013. p. 220 ) . Supplying employees with occupation security through a strong wage is the first measure. Second. supply employees with wellness insurance and retirement programs that can be extended to their households. Finally. the company must guarantee that employees have a clear calling way. particularly for those who have leading qualities to let them to hold the feeling that what they are making is â€Å"worthwhile and fulfilling in itself† ( Bovee A ; Thill. 2013. p. 223 ) . When these demands are met. employees are will really see the occupation in a different mode. Their attitude toward working there will be a p ositive 1. Decision Get downing a company is non merely about holding the money and engaging employees. There are other facets that should be considered. including the viability of the merchandise. the mark market. demographical considerations. the location. and marketing the merchandise. Mentions Bovee. C. L. . A ; Thill. J. V. ( 2013 ) . Business in action. ( 6th erectile dysfunction ) . Upper Saddle River. New jersey: Pearson.

Strong Leadership in Business Organizations

Strong Leadership in Business Organizations Introduction A plethora of studies has pointed out that strong leadership is extremely important for business organizations. Business leadership is a term commonly used to refer to the activity of leading a group of individuals, usually considered as an organization. In its essence, business leadership involves a number of things (Peters Robert 1982, p. 55). First of all, it involves the establishment of a precisely clear vision.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Strong Leadership in Business Organizations specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Once this vision has been established, it is then shared with other people in an effort to make them follow it. Information, knowledge, in addition to methods, necessary to realize the established vision is then provided. The other thing involved is balancing and coordinating the interests of all stakeholders perceived to be conflicting. In case of a crisis, a leader takes the forefr ont due to his ability not only to think but act as well in a creative manner during difficult moments (Peters Robert 1982 p. 58). Leadership differs from management since it flows from the core of personality. Unlike management, leadership can not be taught. However, leadership can be learned. In addition, through mentoring as well as coaching, it can be enhanced. It is indicated in the findings of the research conducted by Cangemie et al (2004, p. 30) that strong and effective leadership demands a captain of a ship and not just an individual who is standing by the helm. Cockerell (2009, p. 61) further asserts that leadership is not passive but active. Thesis Statement The forthcoming discussion is intended to provide clear and precise evidence why strong leadership in business organizations is one of the most significant elements. In order to adequately and authentically derive the proof, research will be based on relevant literature and studies conducted on the same. Discussion Human nature is built on several contradictions. Basically, each and every person is self centered and tends to think about themselves as winners. However, the truth is that human talents are distributed in a normal manner (Robbins 2007, p. 55). This implies that there is no human being superior as everyone tends to think he is. Another contradiction is that, like processors of information, individuals are not only simultaneously flawed but delightful as well. On the one hand, human beings can hold little explicitly in their minds.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This means that an enormous pressure of maintaining things remarkably simple in their organizations on managers exist. On the other hand, the unconscious mind of humans is extremely powerful (Cockerell 2009, p. 65). Another contradiction is that all human beings exist within their environments. They have a high degree of sensitivity in addition to being responsive to external rewards as well as punishments. Indeed, drive comes from within a human being. A further conflict is that human beings act in a way as if expressed beliefs are essential; yet, it is considered that actions speak louder. It turns out that there is no person that can fool others at any time. Usually, people are proficient in watching out for patterns in their day-to-day actions (Peters Robert 1982, p. 60). Indeed, human beings are wise as they distrust words that are seemingly mismatching our deeds. People in an organization do not differ much, and therefore these conflicts are present in them (Robbins 2007, p. 59). In order to deal with these conflicts, it is necessary to have a strong leadership in the organization. With a strong leadership in place, a passionate pride is taken in an effort towards setting high targets for the organization of people. A strong leadership necessary to deal with these conflicts is the one that establishes productivity teams and productivity development teams among others. Even though the approaches adopted by strong leadership are self- defeating, they are perfectly rational. Usually, the striking attributes of this symbiotic effect are excitement as well as believability, which are two characteristics of herculean importance if at all an organization wants to realize its goals in an effective manner (Solich 2007, p. 55). Taking believability into account, top performing business organizations are in most cases led by an individual who grew up with the core of the business. Managers represent their unique ability to engender excitement (Powell 2011, p. 8).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Strong Leadership in Business Organizations specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Most businesses where strong leadership has been adopted are attributable with producing a lot of winners. In addition, strong lea dership usually constructs these systems in such a way that they celebrate the winning when it occurs. Further, these systems unlike the ones without strong leadership utilize non monetary incentives in an extraordinary manner (Pedler 2010, p. 44). Among the key attributes of businesses with strong leadership is that they are always aware of the essentiality of maintaining things as simple as possible regardless of the overwhelming genuine pressures to complicate the turn of events. In any organization, staff may simplify matters. However, the people in the field are irritated by the staff as they are known to make life miserable for them. Once the staff of any organization regardless of the number leaps into an action, information requests, regulations, policies, in addition to instructions on how the staff is performing are being generated. As this becomes the trend, overload of information sets into the system. It is impossible for short-term memory to bear or process all these i nformation. Therefore, everything in the organization, including its running becomes confused. However, in a business where strong leadership has been adopted, when this ensues, there is always a way to cope with this sort of problem (Robbins 2007, p. 67). One of the strategies that a strong leader does is intentionally keep the corporate staff number as small as possible. This implies that the number of corporate staff in the business will not generate excessive confusion down the line. In addition, unlike other businesses, a business characterized with strong leadership usually has a tendency of putting a focus on just a few key business values as well as just a few business objectives (Peters Robert 1982, p. 67). Focusing on a few key business values is indispensable as it lets everyone realize what is weighty and what is not. As a result, there is simply less necessity for daily unending instructions, that is, daily short-term memory overload.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In many businesses where strong leadership has been adopted, paperwork is minimal (Rizzatti 2005, p. 10). Indeed, in these organizations, paper work is eliminated by using quick hit task forces. In addition, these organizations sub optimize; they tend to overlook economies of scale put up with a fair and a considerable amount of internal overlap, mistakes, as well as duplication in an effort towards seeing that they will not have to coordinate each and every activity, which, given their size, these businesses could not do in anyway (Cockerell 2009, p. 69). It is often argued that the most excellent and successful companies are way they stand since they are organized in such a manner which is necessary to obtain extraordinary efforts from ordinary individuals. Leadership represents a variety of things. Leadership is patience. According to Cangemie et al (2003, p. 33), it is usually a singularly frustrating coalition building. He further asserts that it is the purposeful seeding of ca bals that an individual perceives or hopes will eventually result in the appropriate ferment in the bowels of a business organization. Further, leadership involves a meticulous shift of institution’s attention through the use of mundane language of systems of management. In addition, leadership entails alteration of agendas in an effort towards seeing that the new policies get more attention. Furthermore, leadership requires one to be visible whenever things go awry (Rizzatti 2005, p. 19). Further, it requires an individual to be invisible whenever things are working well. According to the findings of a research conducted by Savage (2012, p.36), leadership involves the process of establishing a loyal team at the top, which is responsible for speaking more or less in unison. According to Rowbotham (2007, p. 76), leadership requires a person to listen in a careful manner in most of the times while frequently imparting encouragement messages through the power of speaking, and re inforcing words with actions that are not only realistic but believable as well. At times, leadership necessitates a person to be tough whenever necessary. This implies that the person to whom the people in the organization look upon must be more than a leader. He must be a strong leader exhibiting strong leadership skills (Sherman n.d). A strong leader acts as the mentor, the value shaper, an example, and the one who moulds meanings. Having a strong leader at the helm is indispensable since the strong leadership job is tougher than that of just a leader. He is usually the true artist, as well as the pathfinder. In an organization, it is essential that the urge for transcendence that unites every employee in the organization is called forth and exemplified. Only a strong leader can see these through (Sherman n.d). A strong leader and his strong leadership are considered to be miles ahead of just leaders as he is able to exhibit consistency spread over long periods of time in support of his transcending values (Rowbotham 2007, p. 80). A strong leadership holds that there is no opportunity deemed small and that there is no particular forum too insignificant. Further, a strong leader holds that there is no audience that can be regarded as too junior unlike other forms of leadership. Strong leaders and leadership are always able to make their followers transcend the day-to-day affairs. Leadership that is not strong in its nature is usually preoccupied with power unlike the cases with strong leadership. Attention to power blinds leaders and results into their inability to install correct purposes. Strong leadership is necessary since it promotes a situation where employees in a business organization interact with one another in a manner that the leaders as well as the employees raise one another together and, therefore, reach higher levels and extents of morality in addition to motivation (Sherman n.d). Strong leadership is considered to be moral due to its tendenc y to raise the level of the employee conduct as well as raising the aspiration of not only the leader but the employee as well. This means that a strong leadership, unlike just leadership, has a transforming effect on both the leader and the employee. An organization attributable to having a strong leadership is dynamic. To elaborate on this, such a leadership involves a leader throwing himself into a relationship with his employees. Subsequently, the employees will feel elevated, and as a result, they become more active. This activity on its part helps in the creation of new cadres of leaders among these employees. Strong leaders, unlike managers, have the ability to understand other people’s emotions (Peters Robert 1982, p. 77). It is commonly stated that managers prefer working with people. By contrast, strong leaders prefer stirring emotions. Whenever employees of an organization are exposed to a strong charismatic leadership style, they are not only strengthened but upl ifted by the experience, as well. Such employees feel more powerful unlike other forms of leadership where they feel less powerful and submissive. A system where strong leadership has been adopted does not force the employees to submit and follow the leader by sheer overwhelming magic pertaining to his personality, in addition to his persuasive powers. Instead, he tends to be influential by way of not only strengthening but inspiriting his employees (Rowbotham 2007, p. 80). Therefore, a strong leadership business environment arouses confidence in the employees. As a result, the employees feel better and are able to accomplish the organizational goals (Powell 2011, p. 1). Strong leadership in a business crops up a symbiotic effect on the part of the leader and the followers. Usually, the striking attributes of this symbiotic effect are excitement, as well as believability, which are two characteristics of herculean importance if at all an organization want to realize its goals in an effective manner (Solich 2007, p. 55). Taking believability into account, top performing business organizations are in most cases led by an individual who grew up with the core of the business. A compelling example is HP. Concerning the second attribute, a strong leader’s explicit criterion of choosing managers represents his unique ability to engender excitement (Powell 2011, p. 8). Strong leadership is a must for any business since the in building of purpose is a challenge to creativity and a leader must have to possess more than just leadership skills. If a strong leadership is not in place, there is a herculean possibility that the business will not achieve its targeted goals (Solich 2007, p. 57). Perhaps, it may end up deviating from the intended course of action, a clear indication that it is heading to a fall. In building of purpose involves the act of transforming men, as well as groups, from being neutral and technical units into participants with a particular stamp, in addition to sensitivity and commitment. This implies that this process is indeed educational. According to Hansen (2010, p. 104), a strong and effective leader ought to be aware of the meaning, in addition to mastering the technique of the educator. Mullins (2010, p. 44) asserts that the art of a strong and creative leader is the art or building an organization. Further, it is the art of reworking of humans, as well as technological materials in an effort towards fashioning an organism, which is supposed to embody new, as well as enduring values. Zaleznik (2007, p. 67) made a worthwhile note when he indicated that the act of institutionalizing involves infusing values beyond a task’s technical requirements, which is at hand. Only a strong leader can do this. Without the aspect of strong leadership, this motive cannot be realized, and this spells out the essentiality of a strong leadership. The awarding of the social machinery in a way beyond its technical role, according to Cangemie et al (2004, p. 46), doubly reflects the unique way in which it fulfills both group and personal needs. It does not matter whether people become attached to a business organization. All that matters is prizing or awarding. Taking the standpoint of a committed employee into consideration, there is prodigious likelihood that the business organization will be transformed from being an expandable tool into a source of personal satisfaction, which is largely valuable. This can not come if a strong leader is not at the helm. This is an implication that a business leader serves as the primary expert in an effort towards promoting and protecting the values (Mullins 2010, p. 46). Conclusion From this analysis, it is clear that a strong leadership in a business is a vigorous and positive thing (Blazek 2011, p. 41). A business organization with strong leadership results in a better relative performance, unlike an organization where strong leadership is not advocated (Pedler 2010, p . 32). In addition to this, it leads to a situation where the level of contribution from the ‘average man’ is induced. This analysis also established that for both the business organization and society in which the business is build around, a business with strong leadership creates an environment in which people can blossom (Zaleznik 2007, p. 70). In addition, it creates an environment where people can develop self-esteem. The essence of this is that people will be excited and motivated to participate in the business organization as well as in the society as a whole. Unlike strong leadership, a business organization where strong leadership has not been adopted ends up in creating groups of non excellent performers (Peters and Robert 1982, p. 80). Further, the employees are almost perverse and always at odd taking every variable into account. In these organizations, it is a norm to lose rather than win. Further, the reinforcement is usually negative unlike strong leaders hip organizations where reinforcement is positive (Blazek 2011, p. 47). Guidance in these organizations tends to be arranged by the rule book instead of tapestries or even myths (Mullins 2010, p. 49). In addition, a business organization without strong leadership as its strongholds adopts a method where constraint and control are dominant. By contrast, in a business organization where strong leadership has been adopted, there is soaring of meaning and there is always a chance to sally forward (Hansen 2010, p. 110). Another shortcoming of an organization where strong leadership is not evident is that there is always politics a thing that hampers development in addition to sustainability. In an organization with strong leadership, leading is usually guided by moral and this plays a key role in the achievement of an excellent companys status (Peters Robert 1982, p. 85). Overall, strong leadership is a key to the effective running of any organization, and as such, any organization mus t ensure that it embarks on strategies that will put in place a strong leadership. References Blazek, C 2011, Ineffective leadership is costly, Cengage Learning, Belmont Cangemie, P, Hewwet, L, McQuade T Jairus, F 2004, ‘The journal of successful management development: Successful leadership practices in turbulent times’, Bradford, Vol. 33 no. 1, pp. 30 Cockerell, L 2009, Creating Magic: 10 common sense leadership strategies from a life at Disney, Doubleday, New York. Hansen, M 2010, ‘The Best-Performing CEOs in the world,’ Harvard Business Review, Vol. 4 no. 7, pp. 104-113. Mullins, J 2010, Management and organizational behavior, Prentice Hall, Essex. Pedler, M.A 2010, Manager’s Guide to Leadership: An Action Learning Approach, McGrow Hill, Berkshire. Peters, T Waterman, R 1982, ‘Ch3 Man waiting for motivation,’ The wall Street Journal, Vol. 5 no. 2, pp. 55-86. Powell, G 2011, ‘The Gender and Leadership Wars,’ Organizatio nal Dynamics, Vol. 40 no. 5, pp. 1-9. Rizzatti, I 2005, ‘Electronic Business,’ Highlands Ranch, Vol. 31 no. 10, pp. 10-25. Robbins, S Timothy, J 2007, Organizational Behavior, Prentice Hall, London, UK. Rowbotham, F 2007, Operations Management in Context, Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford. Savage, N 2012, ‘Director: What makes a good leader,’ London, Vol. 65 no.5, pp. 36 Sherman, T n.d. The differences between effective and ineffective leadership skills, www.helium.com/items/1086365-good-bad-leadership Solich, H 2007, Tips for effective leadership, Thomson Learning, South Melbourne, Victoria. Zaleznik, A 2007, ’Managers and leaders: Are they different?,’ Harvard Business Review, Vol. 7 no. 3, pp. 67-78.

Is Intelligent design a scientific theory Essay

Is Intelligent design a scientific theory - Essay Example However, some individuals say that intelligence action is related with the origin of different characteristics of biological life. It is evident that intelligent design begins with forms of information, which are commonly observed to produce agents of intelligence in the real world. Atheist such as zoologist Dawkins argues that if biology is a study of complicated things, then the complications are as a result of appearance and purpose. Dawkins also argues that natural selection is what led to the intelligent design; this is as a result of the challenges met in meeting the demands in the environment. To add on this, theorists such as Stephen Meyer notes that intelligent design plays a substantial role in casual activities. From theories of the above philosophers, we can conclude that intelligent design is a scientific theory, which has a basis on empirical studies on the natural environment. Structures created through the promulgation of a Discovery Institute are intelligent designs products. The institute explains that structures occur from human intelligence and not natural processes. An ideal example is the existence of God, which is a teleological argument from the traditional contemporary adaptation. It defines the origin of life as a scientific theory other than an idea based on religion. Most arguments relate to the intelligent design which refers to God as the designer. The Discovery Institute is conservatively a political institution. The intelligent design uses the view point of theistic science, whose objective is to explain science e in a different way invoking supernatural structures. In supporting its belief, ID has put forward two arguments: the specified and the irreducible complexity. Scientific community prefers the methodological naturalism to the scientific extension in explaining the supernatural structures. The scientific community has further opposed the specified and the

Entrepreneurship and Innovation Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Entrepreneurship and Innovation - Research Paper Example There is no fast forward way of attaining innovation in any process or technology. Rather the journey is strewn with intermittent success and failures and long periods of stagnation. Innovation has occurred in all spheres of activity starting from the development of products to the development of services. In the last 70 or 80 years the Information Technology industry witnessed the highest degree of innovation. The innovation of the Information Technology industry and the electronics hardware industry were followed with equivalent degree of innovation in the telecommunication industry (Achrol, 2011). The process of innovation of Omantel is discussed in this research study. For a better comprehension of the research methodology, the whole research is divided into 4 parts. In the first part of the discussion the process and technique of innovation is assessed and analysed. The strategy followed for managing the innovation of Omantel is discussed. The latter parts of the discussion are about the company establishes an innovative environment within its organisation and the strategic implications for Omantel based in Oman. Assessment and reflection on the process and techniques of innovation Schumpeter’s Theories of Innovation is discussed in this section along with other related theories. ... In order to bring innovation the entrepreneurs need to access capital and resources. Innovation and price competition are sides of two different coins, where one negates the other. If firms compete on the basis of price then only price classification occurs with no or little innovation. In order to make sure that the correct path is taken which will lead to innovation, it is absolute necessary to control the process applied. Whereas, if only inputs are considered as the most important entity rather than the process of innovation itself, then more time is wasted before innovation is finally achieved. Innovations as well as developments are non exogenous in nature. This means that innovation can occur, by simply using the internal factors present in the economic system. Fig 1: Cycle of innovation Source: (Andrews and Smith, 1996) Some of the most important factors that lead to the excellent growth of innovation are entrepreneurship and in-house capability to conduct the research and de velopments. Entrepreneurship still remains to be the most important factor among all the other factors. Instead of going for a competitive pricing strategy, a simple method of pricing is followed (Bajaj, 2001). The base price is fixed by taking into consideration the high quality of the integrated components. For example, the organisations which decided to simply add features to their previous models of products or services were outsold by those organisations that considered innovation rather than mere up gradations. Organisations like Nokia focused on innovation, while Sony and Motorola focused on up gradation only. As a result Nokia outperformed and outsmarted the other two organisations significantly which focused more on pricing strategy (Benner and Sandstrom, 2012). Those products